An equity (also known as a share) is an asset where investors can buy a share in a company, commonly one that is listed on the stock market. If the business grows and makes a profit the value of its shares may rise. Equally, if a business performs poorly the value of their equities may fall.
A public limited company (PLC) will offer its shares on the stock markets, normally the stock market of the country where the PLC is based. A limited company (Ltd) will also issue shares, but these will be few in number and usually owned by the Directors or organisation running the company.